The colony is a complex structure with spinal support functions, movement and protection of neural structures contained in the spinal canal.
It is characterized by overlap in a series of bony segments (vertebrae), in such a way as to build a sturdy column can withstand loads
The vertebrae are 33, divided into
cervical (seven vertebrae),
dorsal (twelve vertebrae),
lumbar (five vertebrae),
sacral (five vertebrae) and coccygeal (four vertebrae)
The spine, seen in profile, shows a typical bending Double S to allow better and more effective absorption and distribution of loads due to gravity.
More precisely in the structure of the spine can identify functionally
a. an anterior column support, a mainly static function, represented by smooth overlap of the vertebral bodies, intervertebral disc (anulus and nucleus) and LLP (posterior longitudinal ligament) and
b. a posterior column, and joint motion, determined from the arch back from the transverse processes and thorny and the subsequent interconnection of vertebral articular processes, with their capsule-ligament structures (in the drawing is represented in green il legamento anterior longitudinal or ALL).
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